Performance Data

Environmental Performance

Disclosure Performance Unit 2022 2023 2024 2025
GRI 302-1 Total energy consumption within organization1 MWh 2,112,045.00 2,108,270.85 2,115,423.22 2,097,828.73
Total non-renewable energy consumed MWh 3,536,148.18 3,559,657.37 3,554,865.62 3,464,638.94
Total non-renewable energy consumed Stationary combustion MWh 3,533,725.50 3,556,936.80 3,552,285.88 3,461,452.47
Stationary combustion Natural gas2 MWh 3,533,666.28 3,556,899.17 3,552,240.66 3,461,432.07
GJ 12,721,096.85 12,804,734.58 12,787,964.08 12,461,055.76
MMBTU 12,057,372.73 12,136,646.65 12,120,751.16 11,810,899.30
kg 246,521,343.00 240,663,151.00 240,411,621.00 238,828,351.00
Diesel MWh 59.21 37.63 45.22 20.40
GJ 213.17 135.48 162.78 73.46
Liter 5,853.00 3,720.00 4,469.59 2,016.94
Mobile combustion MWh 2,422.69 2,720.57 2,579.74 3,186.46
Mobile combustion Diesel MWh 2,084.46 2,041.27 1,963.15 2,621.31
GJ 7,504.07 7,348.59 7,067.33 9,436.70
Liter 206,042.53 201,773.39 194,050.66 259,107.76
Diesel B7 MWh ND 337.89 231.68 153.36
GJ ND 1,216.42 834.05 552.08
Liter ND 33,399.69 22,900.98 15,158.77
Gasoline MWh 338.23 341.40 384.91 411.80
GJ 1,217.61 1,229.03 1,385.69 1,482.48
Liter 38,678.86 39,041.70 44,017.96 47,092.89
GRI 302-1,
FTSE ECC60		 Total non-renewable energy sold3 MWh 1,593,951.63 1,604,580.92 1,591,225.70 1,540,080.76
Total non-renewable energy sold Non-renewable electricity sold MWh 1,533,338.61 1,542,060.25 1,533,780.19 1,493,992.62
GJ 5,519,974.82 5,551,372.48 5,521,564.51 5,378,330.39
Steam sold MWh 60,613.03 62,520.68 57,445.51 46,088.14
GJ 218,205.15 225,072.64 206,802.20 165,915.99
Metric ton 78,036.00 80,492.00 73,958.00 59,336.00
Non-renewable electricity generated and consumed within the organization MWh ND ND 0 0
Total energy purchased and consumed within the organization MWh 4,491.23 3,703.03 3,960.20 2,862.21
Total energy purchased and consumed within the organization MWh 4,491.23 3,703.03 3,960.20 2,862.21
GJ 16,168.31 13,330.82 14,256.59 10,303.86
Total renewable energy consumed MWh 165,357.22 149,491.37 70,739.37 170,408.35
Total renewable energy consumed Renewable electricity from solar energy consumed MWh 0 0 0 0
GJ 0 0 0 0
Renewable electricity from hydropower consumed4 MWh 165,357.22 149,491.37 70,739.37 170,408.35
GJ 595,281.23 538,164.62 254,659.69 613,465.14
Renewable electricity from hydropower consumed Total renewable electricity consumption within organization MWh 52,598.25 51,667.90 53,135.08 56,927.69
GJ 189,352.18 186,002.94 191,284.76 204,938.03
Total transmission loss MWh 112,758.97 97,823.47 94,688.03 113,480.66
GJ 405,929.04 352,161.68 340,874.18 408,527.11
GRI 302-1 Total renewable energy sold MWh 9,883,066.03 8,594,597.34 8,653,739.97 10,504,161.80
Renewable energy sold Renewable electricity sold MWh 9,883,066.03 8,594,597.34 8,653,739.97 10,504,161.80
GJ 35,578,753.09 30,940,302.89 31,153,214.65 37,814,679.95
GRI 302-3 Energy intensity Total energy consumption within the organization per total energy generated MWh/MWh 0.18 0.20 0.20 0.17
THSI Total electricity consumption per total energy generated MWh/MWh 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.0002
GRI 305-1,
GRI 305-2,
FTSE ECC14		 Total GHG emissions scope 1 and 2 tCO2e 717,775.96 721,781.47 721,140.86 702,884.33
GRI 305-1, FTSE ECC14 Total GHG emissions scope 1, 2 and 3 Total GHG emissions scope 1 tCO2e 715,530.79 719,930.32 719,161.16 701,453.51
Total GHG emissions scope 1 Stationary combustion tCO2e 714,330.78 719,021.43 718,081.76 699,718.57
Stationary combustion Natural gas tCO2e 714,314.93 719,011.36 718,069.66 699,713.11
Diesel tCO2e 15.85 10.07 12.02 5.46
Mobile combustion tCO2e 652.55 727.20 690.46 855.74
Mobile combustion Diesel tCO2e 564.68 552.98 531.82 710.11
Diesel B7 tCO2e ND 85.52 58.64 38.64
Gasoline tCO2e 87.87 88.70 100.00 106.99
Sulfur hexafluoride: SF6 Sulfur hexafluoride: SF65 tCO2e 253.80 136.30 235.00 568.62
Weight of sulfur hexafluoride: SF6 kg 10.80 5.80 10.00 23.40
Refrigerants tCO2e 293.66 45.39 153.94 310.58
Refrigerants Refrigerant R134a5 tCO2e 0 0 87.88 264.87
kg 0 0 67.60 173.12
Refrigerant R325 tCO2e 0 5.69 7.20 6.49
kg 0 8.40 10.63 8.41
GRI 305-1
(Non-Kyoto
Protocol)		 Refrigerant R225 (Reported separately from Scope 1 emissions) tCO2e 0 0 0.18 25.48
kg 0 0 0.10 13.00
GRI 305-1,
FTSE ECC14		 Refrigerant R410a5 tCO2e 0 21.35 58.86 18.88
kg 0 11.10 30.60 8.37
Refrigerant R407C5 tCO2e 293.66 18.35 0 20.35
kg 180.80 11.30 0 10.66
Direct CO2 emission from extinguishers tCO2e 0 0 0.00454 0
kg 0 0 4.54 0
GRI 305-2,
FTSE ECC14		 Total GHG emissions scope 2 tCO2e 2,245.17 1,851.15 1,979.70 1,430.82
Total GHG emissions scope 2 location-based
(Purchased electricity GHG emissions scope 2 [Location-based]		 tCO2e 2,245.17 1,851.15 ,979.70 1,430.82
market-based
(Purchased electricity GHG emissions scope 2 [Market-based])		 tCO2e 2,245.17 1,851.15 1,979.70 1,430.82
GRI 305-3,
FTSE ECC49		 Total GHG emissions scope 3 Total GHG emissions scope 3 tCO2e 122,367.29 119,586.41 181,920.80 183,158.50
Category 3: Fuel- and energy-related activities not included in scope 1 or 2 tCO2e 122,367.29 119,586.41 181,920.80 183,158.50
GHG emissions from transmission & distribution losses of purchased electricity tCO2e 443.28 287.67 390.87 2,786.95
GHG emissions from upstream fuel uses tCO2e 121,924.01 119,220.92 181,529.93 180,371.56
GHG emissions from upstream fuel uses Narural gas tCO2e 121,770.14 119,049.42 181,366.53 180,172.11
Diesel tCO2e 130.96 149.38 138.46 172.76
Gasoline tCO2e 22.91 22.12 24.94 26.68
Liquefied petroleum gas: LPG tCO2e 0 0 0 0
Natural gas for vehicles: NGV tCO2e 0 0 0 0
GRI 305-4,
FTSE ECC23		 GHG emissions intensity Total energy generated MWh 11,704,379.09 10,412,371.50 10,459,304.91 12,279,382.62
GHG emissions scope 1 and 2 per total energy generated tCO2e/MWh 0.061 0.069 0.069 0.057
GHG emissions scope 1 and 2 per total energy sold tCO2e/MWh 0.063 0.071 0.070 0.058
GRI 305-1 Biogenic emissions tCO2e 0 5.59 3.83 2.54
Biogenic emissions
(Reported separately from Scope 1 emissions)		 Stationary combusion: Diesel B7 tCO2e 0 0 0 0
Mobile combusion: Diesel B7 tCO2e 0 5.59 3.83 2.54
GRI 305-7,
FTSE EPR19		 Other air emissions6 Nitrogen oxides: NOx ppm 168.91 32.49 33.73 36.83
kg 636,065.50 703,548.78 706,282.84 784,861.33
Sulphur oxides: SOx ppm 1.16 1.29 0.77 0.72
kg 34,192.07 37,992.93 20,785.85 23,437.44
Persistent organic pollutants: POP kg 0 0 0 0
Volatile organic compounds: VOC kg 0 0 0 0
Hazardous pollutant: HAP kg 0 0 0 0
Particulate matter: PM mg/m3 14.14 1.67 1.10 0.87
kg 28,978.59 16,733.91 10,504.32 9,099.08
Direct mercury emission Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Other air emissions intensity Nitrogen oxides: NOx kg/MWh 0.399 0.422 0.426 0.489
Sulphur oxides: SOx kg/MWh 0.026 0.023 0.013 0.015
Persistent organic pollutants: POP kg/MWh 0 0 0 0
Volatile organic compounds: VOC kg/MWh 0 0 0 0
Hazardous pollutant: HAP kg/MWh 0 0 0 0
Particulate matter: PM kg/MWh 0.018 0.010 0.006 0.006
Direct mercury emission Ton/MWh 0 0 0 0
- Avoided GHG emissions tCO2e 5,023,206.78 4,371,169.94 4,399,901.38 5,336,217.61
- Total renewable energy generated MWh 10,048,423.25 8,744,088.70 8,801,563.07 10,674,570.14
- Grid emission factor for Thailand tCO2e/MWh 0.4999 0.4999 0.4999 0.4999
GRI 303-3,
FTSE EWT27,
FTSE EWT31		 Total water withdrawal from all areas7,8 Million Liters 10,621.26 8,512.74 9,322.91 42,355.08
Total water withdrawal from non-water stress areas Million Liters 10,621.26 6,672.50 7,538.54 40,637.25
Total water withdrawal from non-water stress areas Municipal water suppliers Million Liters 1,837.46 0.60 0.00 0.00
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 1,837.46 0.6 0 0
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Surface water Million Liters 8,783.80 6,628.11 7,499.22 40,587.14
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 8,783.80 6,628.11 7,499.22 40,587.14
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Groundwater Million Liters 0 43.79 39.32 50.11
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 43.79 39.32 50.11
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Water recycled and reused within the organization Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Total water withdrawal from water stress areas9 Million Liters 0 1,840.24 1,784.36 1,717.83
Total water withdrawal from water stress areas Municipal water suppliers Million Liters 0 1,840.24 1,784.31 1,717.60
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 1,840.24 1,784.31 1,717.60
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Surface water Million Liters 0 0 0.05 0.23
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0.05 0.23
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Groundwater Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Water intensity Total water withdrawal from all areas per total energy generated Million Liters /MWh 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.003
GRI 303-4,
FTSE EWT30		 Total water discharged Million Liters 9,042.01 6,837.47 7,603.39 40,733.62
Total water discharged with non-water stress Million Liters 9,042.01 6,508.73 7,381.22 40,504.02
Total water discharged with non-water stress Municipal water suppliers Million Liters 367.72 0 0 0
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 367.72 0 0 0
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Surface water Million Liters 8,674.29 6,508.73 7,341.90 40,453.91
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 8,674.29 6,508.73 7,341.90 40,453.91
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Groundwater Million Liters 0 0 39.32 50.11
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 39.32 50.11
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Total water discharged with water stress Million Liters 0 328.74 222.16 229.60
Total water discharged with water stress Municipal water suppliers Million Liters 0 328.74 222.16 229.03
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 328.74 222.16 229.03
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Surface water Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
Groundwater Million Liters 0 0 0 0.56
Freshwater (≤1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0.56
Other water (>1,000 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids) Million Liters 0 0 0 0
GRI 303-5,
FTSE EWT41		 Total water consumption from all areas Million Liters 1,579.25 1,675.30 1,719.52 1,621.46
Total water consumption from water stress areas7 Million Liters 0 1,511.88 231.12 1,488.23
GRI 306-3 Total waste generated10 Metric ton 136.16 143.58 231.12 137.62
GRI 306-3 Total non-hazardous waste generated Metric ton 120.53 119.49 124.04 116.27
GRI 306-4 Total non-hazardous waste generated Total non-hazardous waste diverted from disposal Metric ton 14.82 21.24 19.86 21.24
GRI 306-5 Total non-hazardous waste directed to disposal Metric ton 105.71 98.25 104.18 95.02
GRI 306-3,
FTSE EPR24		 Total hazardous waste generated Metric ton 15.62 24.09 107.07 21.36
GRI 306-4,
FTSE EPR24		 Total hazardous waste generated Total hazardous waste diverted from disposal Metric ton 4.60 8.21 44.29 5.50
GRI 306-5,
FTSE EPR24		 Total hazardous waste directed to disposal Metric ton 11.02 15.87 62.78 15.86
GRI 306-4,
FTSE EPR26		 Total waste diverted from disposal [on-site and off-site] Metric ton 19.42 29.46 64.15 26.74
Total waste diverted from disposal [on-site] Metric ton 9.20 16.77 16.44 12.18
Total hazardous waste diverted from disposal
[on-site]		 Total hazardous waste diverted from disposal [on-site] Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Total hazardous waste diverted from disposal [on-site] Preparation for reuse
[on-site]		 Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Recycling
[on-site]		 Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Other recovery operations
[on-site]		 Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Total non-hazardous waste diverted from disposal [on-site] Metric ton 9.20 16.77 16.44 12.18
Total non-hazardous waste diverted from disposal
[on-site]		 Preparation for reuse
[on-site]		 Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Recycling
[on-site]		 Metric ton 0 1.30 2.14 3.00
Other recovery operations
[on-site]		 Metric ton 9.20 15.47 14.30 9.18
Total waste diverted from disposal [off-site] Metric ton 10.22 12.68 47.71 14.56
Total hazardous waste diverted from disposal
[on-site]		 Total hazardous waste diverted from disposal [off-site] Metric ton 4.60 8.21 44.29 5.50
Total hazardous waste diverted from disposal [off-site] Preparation for reuse
[on-site]		 Metric ton 0 7.00 42.59 0
Recycling
[on-site]		 Metric ton 0 0 0.48 0
Other recovery operations
[on-site]		 Metric ton 4.60 1.21 1.22 5.50
Total non-hazardous waste diverted from disposal
[on-site]		 Metric ton 5.62 4.47 3.42 9.06
Total non-hazardous waste diverted from disposal [off-site] Preparation for reuse
[off-site]		 Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Recycling
[off-site]		 Metric ton 5.62 4.47 3.42 9.06
Other recovery operations
[off-site]		 Metric ton 0 0 0 0
GRI 306-5,
FTSE EPR25		 Total waste directed to disposal [on-site and off-site] Metric ton 116.73 114.12 166.97 110.88
Total waste directed to disposal [on-site] Metric ton 82.24 73.97 77.87 49.32
Total waste directed to disposal
[On-site]		 Total hazardous waste directed to disposal
[on-site]		 Metric ton 0 1.42 0.90 0
Total waste directed to disposal [on-site] Incineration with energy recovery [on-site] Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Incineration without energy recovery [on-site] Metric ton 0 1.42 0.90 0
Landfilling [on-site] Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Other disposal operations [on-site] Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Total non-hazardous waste directed to disposal [on-site] Metric ton 82.24 72.55 76.97 49.32
Total non-hazardous waste directed to disposal [on-site] Incineration with energy recovery [on-site] Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Incineration without energy recovery [on-site] Metric ton 40.18 31.88 38.31 41.59
Landfilling [on-site] Metric ton 42.06 40.67 38.66 7.73
Other disposal operations [on-site] Metric ton 0 0 0 0
Total waste directed to disposal
[Off-site]		 Metric ton 34.50 40.15 89.09 61.57
Total waste directed to disposal [Off-site] Total hazardous waste directed to disposal [Off-site] Metric ton 11.02 14.45 61.88 15.86
Total hazardous waste directed to disposal
[Off-site]		 Incineration with energy recovery [Off-site] Metric ton 10.50 14.06 21.82 15.80
Incineration without energy recovery [Off-site] Metric ton 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.02
Landfilling [off-site] Metric ton 0.34 0.24 39.96 0
Other disposal operations [off-site] Metric ton 0.17 0.12 0.08 0.04
Total non-hazardous waste directed to disposal [off-site] Metric ton 23.47 25.69 27.21 45.71
Total non-hazardous waste directed to disposal [off-site] Incineration with energy recovery [off-site] Metric ton 0 0 8.2 0
Incineration without energy recovery [off-site] Metric ton 14.35 10.08 5.68 5.49
Landfilling [off-site] Metric ton 0 4.7158 2.89 30.00
Other disposal operations [off-site] Metric ton 9.12 10.90 10.44 10.22

Remarks
ND means No Data Available
1 The Company increased the data coverage of energy indicators to include the Company's Headquarter and number of transmission loss for the first time 2022.
2 The Company consumed natural gas only in the Bangpa-in Cogeneration power plant.
3 The Company sold non-renewable-energy only from the Bangpa-in Cogeneration power plant.
4 In 2024, the reported renewable electricity from hydropower consumed excludes the transmission loss of the Xayaburi power plant.
5 In 2025, the emission factors are referenced from the IPCC Assessment Report, AR6
6 The Company had other air emissions only from the Bangpa-in Cogeneration power plant.
7 The Company increased the data coverage of water indicators to include Xayaburi power plant,Nam Ngum 2 power plant and the Company's Headquarter for the first time in 2022.
8 In 2025, increased the data coverage of total water withdrawal indicators to include the cooling system of the Xayaburi power plant
9 The Company had water withdrawal and water consumption from water stress areas only from the Bangpa-in Cogeneration power plant.
10 Major overhaul activity at Nam Ngum 2 power plant in 2023-2024 had caused the Company's amount of waste to increase when compared to last year.
11 GHG emissions are calculated in accordance with the Kyoto Protocol and the GHG Protocol, using emission factors and conversion factors from TGO, UK DEFRA, and IPCC to ensure accuracy, consistency, and compliance with GRI Standards.

Occupational Health and Safety Performance

Disclosure Performance Unit 2022 2023 2024 2025
GRI 403-8 Data coverage Employees % 100 100 100 100
Contractors % 100 100 100 100
GRI 403-9 Fatalities from work-related injuries Employees Case 0 0 0 0
Contractors Case 0 0 0 1
Fatalities from work-related injuries rate Employees Number of hours worked 928,128.50 985,690.50 1,001,507.50 1,045,489.42
Employees Case / 1,000,000 hours 0 0 0 0
Contractors Number of hours worked 973,395.00 1,177,387.00 1,026,876.60 1,289,203.00
Contractors Case / 1,000,000 hours 0 0 0 0.78
High-consequence work-related injuries Employees Case 0 0 0 1
Contractors Case 0 0 0 0
High-consequence work-related injuries rate Employees Number of hours worked 928,128.50 985,690.50 1,001,507.50 1,045,489.42
Employees Case / 1,000,000 hours 0 0 0 0.96
Contractors Number of hours worked 973,395.00 1,177,387.00 1,026,876.60 1,289,203.00
Contractors Case / 1,000,000 hours 0 0 0 0
Recordable work-related injuries Employees Case 1 1 2 1
Contractors Case 1 2 2 4
Recordable work-related injuries rate Employees Number of hours worked 928,128.50 985,690.50 1,001,507.50 1,045,489.42
Employees Case / 1,000,000 hours 1.08 1.01 2.00 0.96
Contractors Number of hours worked 973,395.00 1,177,387.00 1,026,876.60 1,289,203.00
Contractors Case / 1,000,000 hours 1.03 1.70 1.95 3.10
S&P Global Lost-time injuries: LTI Employees Case 0 0 0 1
Contractors Case 1 1 0 1
Lost-time injuries injury frequency rate: LTIFR Employees Case / 1,000,000 hours 0 0 0 0.96
Contractors Case / 1,000,000 hours 1.03 0.85 0 0.78
GRI 403-10 Fatalities as a result of work-related ill health Employees Case 0 0 0 0
Contractors Case 0 0 0 0
Fatalities from work-related ill health rate Employees Case / 1,000,000 hours 0 0 0 0
Contractors Case / 1,000,000 hours 0 0 0 0
The number of cases of recordable work-related ill health Employees Case 0 0 0 0
Contractors Case 0 0 0 0
Recordable work-related ill health rate Employees Case / 1,000,000 hours 0 0 0 0
Contractors Case / 1,000,000 hours 0 0 0 0
SASB Total recordable incident case Employees Case 1 0 1 1
Contractors Case 0 1 2 4
Total recordable incident rate (TRIR) Employees Case / 1,000,000 hours 1.08 0 1.00 0.96
Contractors Case / 1,000,000 hours 0 0.85 1.95 3.10
Near miss case Employees Case 1 2 0 2
Contractors Case 0 0 3 3
Near miss frequency rate (NMFR) Employees Case / 1,000,000 hours 1.08 2.03 0 1.91
Contractors Case / 1,000,000 hours 0 0 2.92 2.33

Remarks
The company increased the data coverage of occupational health and safety indicators to include the solar power plants, in collaboration with Bangkok Expressway and Metro Public Company Limited (BEM), at Rama 9 Depot (Blue Line 1) on the solar carport for the admin office at BEM headquarters (Branch 2) for the first time in 2025.

System Reliability and Availability Performance

Disclosure Performance Unit 2022 2023 2024 2025
GRI G4-EU1 Energy generating capacity Hydropower1 MW 1,900.00 1,900.00 1,900.00 1,900.00
Solar energy2,3 MW 14.73 14.73 14.73 15.03
Cogeneration4
Electricity MW 237.50 237.50 237.50 237.50
Steam MWh 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00
GRI G4-EU2 Total energy generated Hydropower1 MWh 10,025,549.39 8,721,281.85 8,779,731.69 10,653,525.36
Solar energy2 MWh 22,873.85 22,803.96 21,831.38 20,982.96
Cogeneration4
Electricity MWh 1,655,955.84 1,605,762.12 1,600,296.31 1,489,134.83
Steam Metric Tons 78,036.00 80,492.00 57,445.51 59,336.00
GRI G4-EU28 Numbers of unplanned power outages5 XPCL Time 0 2 0 2
NN2 Time 1 1 0 0
BKC Time 0 0 0 15
BIC Time 2 1 0 3
GRI G4-EU30 Average plants availability factor XPCL Percentage 90.29 82.27 87.03 82.93
NN2 Percentage 97.63 93.32 92.96 93.78
BKC Percentage 98.51 99.08 98.83 97.43
BIC Percentage 96.60 100.00 100.00 99.88
S&P Global Gas leakage rate Transportation/Transmission Percentage 0 0 0 0
Distribution to households Percentage 0 0 0 0
Storage Percentage 0 0 0 0
S3.3 C Number of incidents or complaints related to consumer rights violations, along with corrective measures XPCL case 0 0 0 0
NN2 case 0 0 0 0
BKC case 0 0 0 0
BIC case 0 0 0 0
S&P Number of customers who have been assessed for satisfaction XPCL Percentage ND 100 100 100
NN2 Percentage ND 100 100 100
BKC Percentage ND 100 100 100
BIC Percentage ND 100 100 100
S3.7R Customer satisfaction survey results XPCL Percentage ND 97.50 92.50 99.00
NN2 Percentage ND 100.00 98.33 99.05
BKC Percentage ND 96.00 96.00 92.50
BIC Percentage ND 99.19 99.10 99.17

Remarks
ND means No Data Available
XPCL means Xayaburi power plant
NN2 means Nam Ngum 2 power plant
BKC means Bangkhenchai power plant
BIC means Bangpa-in cogeneration power plant
1 The Company generates electricity from hydropower only in Xayaburi and Nam Ngum 2 power plants.
2 The Company generates electricity from solar energy only in Bangkhenchai power plant.
3 The company increased the data coverage of energy generating capacity and total energy generated indicators to include the solar power plants, in collaboration with Bangkok Expressway and Metro Public Company Limited (BEM), at Rama 9 Depot (Blue Line 1) on the solar carport for the admin office at BEM headquarters (Branch 2) for the first time in 2025.
4 The Company company generates electricity and steam only Bangpa-in cogeneration power plant.
5 Number of power outages at the power plants in 2022, including both planned and unplanned outages.

Human Resources Performance

Disclosure Performance Unit 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
GRI 2-7 Employees Full time employees: FTEs1 Persons 505 517 533 529 552
Classified by type of employment Permanent Contract Persons 396 407 419 408 436
Temporary Contract Persons 109 110 114 121 116
GRI 2-8 Outsourced workers Persons ND ND ND 268 297
GRI 405-1 Employees Permanent Contract
Classified by country of operation Thailand Persons 209 217 219 219 230
Lao People’s Democratic Republic Persons 187 190 200 189 206
Classified by gender Male Persons 271 279 286 275 295
Percentage 68.43 68.55 68.26 67.40 67.66
Female Persons 125 128 133 133 141
Percentage 31.57 31.45 31.74 32.60 32.34
Classified by age Less than 30 years Persons 77 69 68 57 61
Percentage 19.44 16.95 16.23 13.97 13.99
30 to 50 years Persons 291 309 321 323 338
Percentage 73.48 75.92 76.61 79.17 77.52
Over 50 years Persons 28 29 30 28 37
Percentage 7.07 7.13 7.16 6.86 8.49
GRI 405-1 Employees Temporary contract2
Classified by country of operation Thailand Persons 7 7 7 9 6
Lao People’s Democratic Republic Persons 102 103 107 112 110
Classified by gender Male Persons 66 69 77 82 80
Percentage 60.55 62.73 67.54 67.77 68.97
Female Persons 43 41 37 39 36
Percentage 39.45 37.27 32.46 32.23 31.03
Classified by age Less than 30 years Persons 43 43 41 41 42
Percentage 39.45 39.09 35.96 33.88 36.21
30 to 50 years Persons 54 55 63 66 64
Percentage 49.54 50.00 55.26 54.55 55.17
Over 50 years Persons 12 12 10 14 10
Persons 11.01 10.91 8.77 11.57 8.62
GRI 2-8 Employees Outsourced workers3
Classified by gender Male Persons ND ND ND 209 231
Percentage ND ND ND 77.99 77.78
Female Persons ND ND ND 59 66
Percentage ND ND ND 22.01 22.22
GRI 405-1
S&P Global		 Employees Permanent Contract
Classified by nationality Thai Persons 303 307 316 306 328
Percentage 76.52 75.43 75.42 75.00 75.23
Lao Persons 85 91 94 94 100
Percentage 21.46 22.36 22.43 23.04 22.94
Indian Persons 5 5 6 6 6
Percentage 1.26 1.23 1.43 1.47 1.38
German Persons 2 2 2 2 2
Percentage 0.51 0.49 0.48 0.49 0.46
Costarican Persons 0 1 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0.25 0 0 0
French Persons 1 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0.25 0 0 0 0
Filipino Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Cambodian Persons 0 1 1 0 0
Percentage 0 0.25 0.24 0 0
GRI 405-1
S&P Global		 Employees Temporary contract1
Classified by nationality Thai Persons 7 7 7 11 7
Percentage 6.42 6.36 6.14 9.09 6.03
Lao Persons 99 102 106 109 108
Percentage 90.83 92.73 92.98 90.08 93.10
Indian Persons 1 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0.92 0 0 0 0
German Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Costarican Persons 1 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0.92 0 0 0 0
French Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Filipino Persons 1 1 1 1 1
Percentage 0.92 0.91 0.88 0.83 0.86
Cambodian Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Outsourced workers3
Classified by nationality Thai Persons ND ND ND 70 80
Percentage ND ND ND 26.12 26.94
Lao Persons ND ND ND 198 217
Percentage ND ND ND 73.88 73.06
GRI 405-1
S&P Global		 Employees Permanent Contract
Classified by race/ ethnicity Thai Persons 303 307 316 306 328
Percentage 76.52 75.43 75.42 75.00 75.23
Lao Persons 85 91 94 94 100
Percentage 21.46 22.36 22.43 23.04 22.94
Indian Persons 5 5 6 6 6
Percentage 1.26 1.23 1.43 1.47 1.38
German Persons 2 2 2 2 2
Percentage 0.51 0.49 0.48 0.49 0.46
Costarican Persons 0 1 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0.25 0 0 0
French Persons 1 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0.25 0 0 0 0
Filipino Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Cambodian Persons 0 1 1 0 0
Percentage 0.00 0.25 0.24 0.00 0.00
Classified by people with disability People with disability Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Classified by elder Elder employees Persons 7 8 6 2 4
Percentage 1.77 1.97 1.43 0.49 0.92
GRI 405-1
S&P Global		 Employees Temporary contract1
Classified by race/ ethnicity Thai Persons 7 7 7 11 7
Percentage 6.42 6.36 6.14 9.09 6.03
Lao Persons 99 102 106 109 108
Percentage 90.83 92.73 92.98 90.08 93.10
Indian Persons 1 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0.92 0 0 0 0
German Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Costarican Persons 1 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0.92 0 0 0 0
French Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Filipino Persons 1 1 1 1 1
Percentage 0.92 0.91 0.88 0.83 0.86
Cambodian Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Classified by people with disability People with disability Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Classified by elder Elder employees Persons 6 6 6 9 0
Percentage 5.50 5.45 5.26 7.44 5.17
Employees Outsourced workers3
Classified by race/ ethnicity Thai Persons ND ND ND 70 80
Percentage ND ND ND 26.12 26.94
Lao Persons ND ND ND 198 217
Percentage ND ND ND 73.88 73.06
GRI 405-1
S&P Global		 Employees Permanent Contract
Top management Persons 21 20 20 15 18
Top management Male Persons 15 14 15 10 13
Percentage 71.43 70.00 75.00 66.67 72.22
Female Persons 6 6 5 4 5
Percentage 28.57 30.00 25.00 33.33 27.78
Middle management Persons 17 22 23 22 25
Top management Male Persons 8 13 14 13 15
Percentage 47.06 59.09 60.87 59.09 60.00
Female Persons 9 9 9 9 10
Percentage 52.94 40.91 39.13 40.91 40.00
Junior management Persons 62 64 65 73 74
Junior management Male Persons 36 35 36 42 43
Percentage 58.06 54.69 55.38 57.53 58.11
Female Persons 26 29 29 31 31
Percentage 41.94 45.31 44.62 42.47 41.89
Officer/ Non-management Persons 296 301 311 298 319
Officer/ Non-management Male Persons 212 217 221 210 224
Percentage 71.62 72.09 71.06 70.47 70.22
Female Persons 84 84 90 88 95
Percentage 28.38 27.91 28.94 29.53 29.78
GRI 405-1
S&P Global		 Employees Temporary contract1
Top management Persons 0 0 0 4 2
Top management Male Persons 0 0 0 4 2
Percentage 0 0 0 100 100
Female Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Middle management Persons 2 0 0 0 0
Top management Male Persons 2 0 0 0 0
Percentage 100 0 0 0 0
Female Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Junior management Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Junior management Male Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Female Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Officer/ Non-management Persons 107 110 114 117 114
Officer/ Non-management Male Persons 64 69 77 78 78
Percentage 59.81 62.73 67.54 66.67 68.42
Female Persons 43 41 37 39 36
Percentage 40.19 37.27 32.46 33.33 31.58
GRI 405-1
S&P Global		 จำนวนพนักงาน
Employees		 Permanent Contract
Management of revenue-generating functions Persons 51 57 55 53 63
Management of revenue-generating functions Male Persons 45 49 51 50 55
Percentage 88.24 85.96 92.73 94.34 87.30
Female Persons 6 8 4 3 8
Percentage 11.76 14.04 7.27 5.66 12.70
Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics: STEM Persons 223 224 239 233 251
Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics: STEM Male Persons 209 211 221 216 229
Percentage 93.72 94.20 92.47 92.70 91.24
Female Persons 14 13 18 17 22
Percentage 6.28 5.80 7.53 7.30 8.76
GRI 405-1
S&P Global		 New employees hire New employee hires Persons 34 39 59 26 44
Percentage 71.62 57.50 56.35 46.67 46.67
Cost per Hire Baht/person 65,258 57,256 39,975 42,040 39,353
Classified by gender Male Persons 20 29 39 19 29
Female Persons 14 10 20 7 15
Classified by age Less than 30 years Persons 14 22 37 9 18
30-50 years Persons 10 11 34 17 25
Over 50 years Persons 0 1 0 0 1
จำแนกตามรดับพนักงาน
(Classified by position)		 Top management Persons 3 0 0 0 0
Middle management Persons 1 0 2 1 3
Junior management Persons 0 3 3 2 3
Officer/ Non-management Persons 30 36 54 23 38
New employee hiring rate New employee hiring rate Percentage 8.59 9.58 14.08 6.37 10.09
Classified by gender Male Percentage 58.82 74.36 66.10 73.08 65.91
Female Percentage 41.18 25.64 33.90 26.92 34.09
Classified by age Less than 30 years Percentage 41.18 56.41 62.71 34.62 40.91
30-50 years Percentage 29.41 28.21 57.63 65.38 56.82
Over 50 years Percentage 0 2.56 0 0 2
GRI 405-1
S&P Global		 Temporary contract Temporary contract1
Management of revenue-generating functions Persons 2 0 0 4 2
Management of revenue-generating functions Male Persons 2 0 0 4 2
Percentage 100 0 0 100 100
Female Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics: STEM Persons 13 12 16 10 16
Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics: STEM Male Persons 13 12 16 10 16
Percentage 100 100 100 100 100
Female Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage 0 0 0 0 0
GRI 405-1
S&P Global		 New temporary contract hire New temporary contract hire Persons 2 9 12 14 18
Percentage 1.83 8.18 10.53 11.57 15.52
Cost per Hire        
Classified by gender Male Persons 1 9 11 11 18
Percentage 50.00 100.00 91.67 78.57 100.00
Female Persons 1 0 1 3 0
Percentage 50.00 0.00 8.33 21.43 0.00
Classified by age Less than 30 years Persons 0 6 6 8 9
30-50 years Persons 1 2 6 6 9
Over 50 years Persons 1 2 6 6 0
Classified by position Top management Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Middle management Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Junior management Persons 0 0 0 0 0
Officer/ Non-management Persons 2 9 12 14 18
New temporary contract hiring rate New temporary contract hiring rate Percentage 1.83 8.18 10.53 11.57 15.52
Classified by gender Male Percentage 50.00 100.00 91.67 78.57 15.52
Female Percentage 50.00 0.00 8.33 21.43 0.00
Classified by age Less than 30 years Percentage 0.00 66.67 50.00 57.14 7.76
30-50 years Percentage 50.00 22.22 50.00 42.86 7.76
Over 50 years Percentage 50.00 11.11 0 0 0.00
GRI 401-1
S&P Global		 Employee turnover Permanent Contract
Employee turnover Persons 12 48 30 21 18
Classified by gender Male Persons 8 33 23 14 12
Female Persons 4 15 7 7 6
Classified by age Less than 30 years Persons 4 9 4 5 5
30–50 years Persons 8 34 23 14 11
Over 50 years Persons 0 5 3 2 2
Employee turnover rate Employee turnover rate Percentage 3.03 11.79 7.16 5.15 4.13
Classified by gender Male Percentage 66.67 68.75 76.67 66.67 66.67
Female Percentage 33.33 31.25 23.33 33.33 33.33
Classified by age Less than 30 years Percentage 33.33 18.75 13.33 23.81 27.78
30–50 years Percentage 66.67 70.83 76.67 66.67 61.11
Over 50 years Percentage 0.00 10.42 10.00 9.52 11.11
Voluntary employee turnover Voluntary employee turnover Persons 12 46 30 19 17
Classified by gender Male Persons 8 31 23 12 11
Female Persons 4 15 7 7 6
Classified by age Less than 30 years Persons 4 9 4 5 5
30–50 years Persons 8 33 23 14 10
Over 50 years Persons 0 4 3 0 2
Voluntary employee turnover rate Voluntary employee turnover rate Percentage 3.03 11.30 7.16 4.66 3.90
Classified by gender Male Percentage 66.67 67.39 76.67 63.16 64.71
Female Percentage 33.33 32.61 23.33 36.84 35.29
Classified by age Less than 30 years Percentage 33.33 19.57 13.33 26.32 26.32
30–50 years Percentage 66.67 71.74 76.67 73.68 58.82
Over 50 years Percentage 0 0.1 0.1 0 11.7647059
GRI 401-1
S&P Global		 Employee turnover Temporary contract1
Employee turnover Persons 3 9 4 18 12
Classified by gender Male Persons 2 4 3 15 12
Female Persons 1 5 1 3 0
Classified by age Less than 30 years Persons 1 2 1 4 5
30–50 years Persons 1 4 2 13 6
Over 50 years Persons 1 3 1 1 1
Employee turnover rate Employee turnover rate Percentage 2.75 8.18 3.51 14.88 10.34
Classified by gender Male Percentage 66.67 44.44 75.00 83.33 100.00
Female Percentage 33.33 55.56 25.00 16.67 0.00
Classified by age Less than 30 years Percentage 33.33 22.22 25.00 22.22 41.67
30–50 years Percentage 33.33 44.44 50.00 72.22 50.00
Over 50 years Percentage 33.33 33.33 25.00 5.56 8.33
Voluntary employee turnover Voluntary employee turnover Persons 2 9 4 14 12
Classified by gender Male Persons 1 4 3 11 12
Female Persons 1 5 1 3 0
Classified by age Less than 30 years Persons 1 2 1 3 5
30–50 years Persons 1 4 2 11 6
Over 50 years Persons 0 3 1 0 1
Voluntary employee turnover rate Voluntary employee turnover rate Percentage 1.83 8.18 3.51 11.57 10.34
Classified by gender Male Percentage 50.00 44.44 75.00 78.57 100.00
Female Percentage 50.00 55.56 25.00 21.43 0.00
Classified by age Less than 30 years Percentage 50.00 22.22 25.00 21.43 41.67
30–50 years Percentage 50.00 44.44 50.00 78.57 50.00
Over 50 years Percentage 0 33.33 25.00 0 8.333333333
GRI 401-3
S&P Global		 Parental leave Permanent Contract
Parental leave Persons 505 517 533 529 552
Classified by gender Male Persons 337 348 363 357 375
Female Persons 168 169 170 172 177
Employees that took parental leave Persons ND 12 9 8 8
Classified by gender Male Persons ND 6 3 3 4
Female Persons ND 6 6 5 4
Retention rate of employees that took parental leave Persons ND 12 9 8 8
Classified by gender Male Persons ND 6 3 3 4
Female Persons ND 6 6 5 4
Employees that took parental leave, returned to work after parental leave ended, and still employed 12 months after return to work Persons ND 12 9 8 8
Classified by gender Male Persons ND 6 3 3 4
Female Persons ND 6 6 5 4
Retention rate of employees that took parental leave Percentage ND 100 100 100 100
Retention rate of employees that took parental leave Percentage ND 100 100 100 100
GRI 405-2 Equal pay assessment of female to male employees Permanent Contract
Ratio of base salary and remuneration of female to male employees, classified by position Top management Base salary Ratio 0.86 0.91 0.87 0.84 0.94
Middle management Base salary Ratio 0.76 0.69 0.72 0.72 0.78
Junior management Base salary Ratio 0.90 0.91 0.94 0.95 0.97
Officer / Non-management Base salary Ratio 1.23 1.19 1.07 1.15 1.16
Equal pay assessment of female to male employees Temporary contract1
Ratio of base salary and remuneration of female to male employees, classified by position Top management Base salary Ratio ND ND ND ND ND
Middle management Base salary Ratio ND ND ND ND ND
Junior management Base salary Ratio ND ND ND ND ND
Officer/ Non-management Base salary Ratio 0.83 0.69 0.73 0.81 0.89
GRI 404-1 Training hours Training hours Total training hours Hours 16,737 17,173 14,759 21,140 24,021
Total training hours Training hours Hours/ FTE 40 38 42 40 43
Average training hours per FTE Classified by gender Male Hours/FTE 41 39 40 40 44
Female Hours/FTE 37 29 29 24 40
Classified by position Top management Hours/FTE 21 21 40 56 31
Middle management Hours/FTE 51 34 77 63 59
Junior management Hours/FTE 83 47 47 35 91
Officer / Non-management Hours/FTE 33 38 32 48 38
GRI 404-1
S&P Global		 Training budget per FTE Total training budget Million THB 4.04 6.08 8.42 4.84 6.97
Trainning budget per FTE THB/FTE 9,624 13,600 17,697 9,145 12,454
Classified by gender Male THB/FTE 10,089 12,635 15,176 5,933 12,555
Female THB/FTE 8,643 13,258 11,497 8,936 12,238
Classified by position Top management THB/FTE 16,210 12,605 24,750 22,822 18,183
Middle management THB/FTE 13,805 19,125 47,709 30,676 17,615
Junior management THB/FTE 14,098 20,275 17,106 6,863 20,588
Officer / Non-management THB/FTE 8,364 12,190 11,073 8,728 11,148

Remarks
ND means No Data Avialable
1 Full-time employees (FTEs) according to GRI Standard refer to the total number of permanent and temporary employees, excluding contract workers.
2 (GRI 2-7)
- CKower hires temporary and part-time employees due to workload, and short term period.
- CKPower defines full-time employees as employee who hire to work under the manpower framework. There is no significant fluctations in number of employees between reporting periods.
3 (GRI 2-8)
- CKPower hires the following types of outsourced workers are
- Professional Outsources who have the same work as employees 2. General Outsources who do not have the same work as employees such as Maid, Security Guard.
- Outsourced workersw was start disclose on 2024 report
- Report 2024 was separate Permanance and temporary data
- Training data is only permanance worker, for temporary are included scope of contract agreement.
- The average recruitment cost per head cannot be separated for permanent and temporary positions, as some expenses are pooled together.

Scope of Reporting

Scope of Reporting 2025
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Assurance Statement

Assurance Statement 2025
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GRI Content index

GRI Content index 2025
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Sustainability report 2025